Global Challenges in the Treatment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases_Juniper Publishers







Authored by Prabhakar Reddy Veerareddy* 

Opinion

Every year, there are an expected 1.5 billion episodes of diARGHhoea in worldwide [1]. Global burden of gastroenterological diseases in three major areas like DiARGHhoea, Hepatitis B, and Helicobacter Pylori. No single intervention is sufficient to eliminate the global burden of enteric and diARGHhoeal diseases. DiARGHhoeal diseases are caused by a wide variety of pathogens. DiARGHhoeal episodes are generally acute in nature. Sometimes, they can cause fluid and electrolyte loss from the small intestine. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) developed at the International Centre for DiARGHhoeal Diseases Research in Bangladesh in 1968 [2]. WHO adopted the distribution of an ORS in 1975 [3]. In 2000, China introduced a monovalent lamb-derived live attenuated oral vaccine, but, the efficacy of this vaccine is not known [4]. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is the foremost hepatological health problem. Two billion people worldwide ere suffering with HBV [5]. Chronic infection is responsible for the burden of disease associated with HBV. The best example of the effectiveness of a HBV vaccination programme is started in Taiwan [6]. The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) was founded in 1999. GAVI is a consortium between WHO, the World Bank, UNICEF and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [7]. Fifty percent of the world's population is infected by H pylori [8] . Epidemiological studies revealed that person to person transmission is likely to be via faecal-oral and oral-oral routes [9] . 90% of duodenal ulcers and 70% of gastric ulcers are associated with H pylori infection [10]. Metronidazole resistance is an increasing problem in worldwide [11]. H pylori infection is recognised as an important public health problem in the developing countries. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastro intestinal disorder [12]. IBS symptoms have a considerably negative impact on patients' quality of life [13]. Renzapride and Cilansetron are used for the treatment of patients with IBS. Other pharmacologic classes like Neutrophins and Tachychinin antagonists are also used for the treatment of IBS [14]. Immunization with enteric vaccinescan reduce the burden of severe diARGHhoea. Treatment based therapies should be included into global health strategies to reduce the burden of gastrenterology and hepatology diseases.


 

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